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"Making Historic Properties Accessible" an Historic Preservation Brief December 1, 2008


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Making Historic Properties Accessible

Thomas C. Jester and Sharon C. Park, AIA
Making Historic Properties Accessible

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Introduction

Planning Accessibility Modifications

        Review the Historical Significance of the Property

        Assess the Property's Existing and Required Level of Accessibility

        Identify and Evaluate Accessibility Options within a Preservation Context

Accessibility Solutions

        The Building Site

              Providing Convenient Parking

              Creating an Accessible Route

        Entrances

              Regrading an Entrance

              Incorporating Ramps

              Installing Wheelchair Lifts

              Considering a New Entrance

              Retrofitting Doors

              Adapting Door Hardware

              Altering Door Thresholds

Readily Acheivable Accesibility Options

        Sites and Entrances

        Interiors

        Restrooms

Moving Through Historic Interiors

        Installing Ramps and Wheelchair Lifts

        Upgrading Elevators

        Retrofitting Door Knobs

        Modifying Interior Stairs

Building Amenities

        Upgrading Restrooms

        Modifying Other Amenities

Making Historic Landscapes Accessible

Considering a New Addition as an Accessibility Solution

Federal Accessibility Laws

        Architectural Barriers Act (1968)

        Rehabilitation Act (1973)

        Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)

Conclusion

Selected Reading

Acknowledgements


Return to the Knowledge Base

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Additionally, areas of secondary importance such as altered paths should be identified-especially those where the accessibility modifications will not destroy a landscape's significance. By identifying those features that are contributing or non-contributing, a sympathetic circulation experience can then be developed.

After assessing a landscape's integrity, accessibility solutions can be considered. Full access throughout a historic landscape may not always be possible. Generally, it is easier to provide accessibility to larger, more open sites where there is a greater variety of public experiences. However, when a landscape is uniformly steep, it may only be possible to make discrete portions of a historic landscape accessible, and viewers may only be able to experience the landscape from selected vantage points along a prescribed pedestrian or vehicular access route. When defining such a route, the interpretive value of the user experience should be considered; in other words, does the route provide physical or visual access to those areas that are critical to understand the meaning of the landscape?

Considering a New Addition as an Accessibility Solution

Many new additions are constructed specifically to incorporate modern amenities such as elevators, restrooms, fire stairs, and new mechanical equipment. These new additions often create opportunities to incorporate access for people with disabilities. It may be possible, for example, to create an accessible entrance, path to public levels via a ramp, lift, or elevator. However, a new addition has the potential to change a historic property's appearance and destroy significant building and landscape features. Thus, all new additions should be compatible with the size, scale, and proportions of historic features and materials that characterize a property.

New additions should be carefully located to minimize connection points with the historic building, such that if the addition were to be removed in the future, the essential form and integrity of the building would remain intact. On the other hand, new additions should also be conveniently located near parking that is connected to an accessible route for people with disabilities. As new additions are incorporated, care should be taken to protect significant landscape features and archeological resources. Finally, the design for any new addition should be differentiated from the historic design so that the property's evolution over time is clear. New additions frequently make it possible to increase accessibility, while simultaneously reducing the level of change to historic features, materials, and spaces.


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